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Outer Space & Universe

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Outer Space & Universe

Space, also known as outer space, is the near-vacuum between celestial bodies. It is where everything (all of the planets, stars, galaxies and other objects) is found.

On Earth, space begins at the Kármán line (100 km above sea level). This is where Earth's atmosphere is said to stop and outer space begins. This is not a firm boundary but is a convention used by scientists and diplomats.

Items in space are free to move back and forth; up and down; and left and right. These three dimensions are what make 3D space. Items also move forward through time, which is sometimes called the fourth dimension.

The majority of space contains very little matter and so most of it is a vacuum. Scientists do not know how big space is but we do know that space is extremely big, and is always expanding.

According to the big bang theory, all matter and energy in the Universe was compressed into a very small space. Then it exploded and started expanding. Space is still growing in size today; this means the distance from one galaxy to distant galaxies is getting longer.

Gravity is the force that keeps the Moon in orbit around the Earth and the planets in orbit around the Sun. Gravity can stretch and bend space similar to how a heavy ball placed on a stretched sheet of rubber will cause the rubber to stretch. The scientist who discovered that space can bend is named Albert Einstein. How gravity bends space is part of his theory of general relativity.

Astronauts, Cosmonauts, Taikonauts and Spationauts

An astronaut is any person who is trained by NASA to travel and perform tasks in space. Although the space traveler may not necessarily be a United States citizen, each astronaut does go through a rigorous training regiment by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Other space travelers go by other names then astronaut depending on their country of origin.

In the United States, astronaut is derived from the Greek words ástron (star) and nautis (sailor). While, in Russia, a space traveler goes by the name космонавт (English: cosmonaut), which is derived from the Greek words kosmos (universe) and nautis (sailor). Westerners call a space traveler from China a taikonaut, based on the 1998 writings of Chiew Lee Yik and Chen Lan where the term tàikōng (great emptiness), Chinese for “space”. In China, the term yuháng yuán (universe navigator) is used for space traveler.

Only the United States of America (United States), Russia (earlier, the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics), and the People’s Republic of China (China) have sent manned spacecraft into space. Other countries have assisted these countries by sending their own space travelers on space missions. For instance, a French space traveler is called a spationaut (from the French word spationaute), which is derived from the Latin spatium (space) and Greek nautis (sailor). (plural in Greek nautes = sailors)

 

  • 00:30 New Pan: Mars (December 2024)

    Pan: Mars (December 2024)

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    This is a combination of Hubble Space Telescope images of Mars taken from December 28th to 30th, 2024. At the midpoint of the observations, Mars was approximately 98 million kilometres from Earth. Thin water-ice clouds that are apparent in ultraviolet lig

  • 01:59 New Hubble celebrates 35th anniversary

    Hubble celebrates 35th anniversary

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    In celebration of the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope’s 35 years in Earth orbit, an assortment of compelling images have been released today that were recently taken by Hubble. This stretches from the planet Mars, to dramatic images of stellar birth, and

  • 00:34 New Pan: Messier 72

    Pan: Messier 72

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    As part of ESA/Hubble’s 35th anniversary celebrations, a new image series has been shared throughout April to revisit stunning Hubble targets that were previously released. New images of NGC 346, the Sombrero Galaxy, and the Eagle Nebula have already been

  • 01:15 New China's Shenzhou-19 crew hands over command of Tiangong space station

    China's Shenzhou-19 crew hands over command of Tiangong space station

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    Shenzhou-19 commander Cai Xuzhe hands over command of the Tiangong space station to Shenzhou-20 commander Chen Dong in a ceremony on April 27, 2025. The Shenzhou-19 crew is scheduled to return to Earth on April 29. Credit: Space.com | footage courtesy: Ch

  • 01:06 Hubble spies 9.5 light-year bit of the amazing Eagle Nebula

    Hubble spies 9.5 light-year bit of the amazing Eagle Nebula

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    The Hubble Space Telescope has caputured new imagery of 9.5 light-years tall portion the Eagle Nebula, located 7000 light-years distant from Earth.Credit: ESA/Hubble & NASA, K. Noll, N. Bartmann (ESA/Hubble) | edited by Space.com

  • 01:11 China's Shenzhou 20 crew's Long March 2F rocket rolled out to the pad

    China's Shenzhou 20 crew's Long March 2F rocket rolled out to the pad

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    China's Long March-2F rocket that will launch the Shenzhou-20 crew to the Tiangong space station was rolled out to the launch pad at the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center on April 16, 2024. Credit: Space.com | footage courtesy: China Central Television (CCT

  • 07:50 RED ALERT! Wild Weather Resurrection Day Weekend has begun! Tornado Watches for TX & OK tonight!

    RED ALERT! Wild Weather Resurrection Day Weekend has begun! Tornado Watches for TX & OK tonight!

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    I hope you are welland have a wonderful weekend.God bless everyone,Thttps://www.paypal.me/THORnewshttps://venmo.com/TEric-Lewisonhttps://www.patreon.com/thornews

  • 04:21 Strong Geomagnetic Storm & a Full Weekend of Severe Weather & Heavy Rain for parts of the USA

    Strong Geomagnetic Storm & a Full Weekend of Severe Weather & Heavy Rain for parts of the USA

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    hello.how are you?stay cool.God bless everyone,https://www.paypal.me/THORnewshttps://venmo.com/TEric-Lewisonhttps://www.patreon.com/thornews

  • 00:22 We're Watching the Skies So You Don't Have To

    We're Watching the Skies So You Don't Have To

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    NASA's original documentary — Planetary Defenders — premieres today Wednesday, April 16, 2025 at 4:30 pm ET on NASA's YouTube and NASA+. Don't miss it: — https://www.youtube.com/nasa — https://plus.nasa.gov/video/planetary-defenders

  • New Watch live! China's Shenzhou 19 crew returns to Earth from Tiangong space station

    Watch live! China's Shenzhou 19 crew returns to Earth from Tiangong space station

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    China's Shenzhou 19 crew, Cai Xuzhe, Song Lingdong and Wang Haoze are scheduled to land at the Dongfeng landing site in north China's Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region on April 29, 2024. Credit: China Central Television (CCTV)

  • 09:02 New Blastoff! SpaceX launches dedicated Starlink mission for 250th time, nails landing

    Blastoff! SpaceX launches dedicated Starlink mission for 250th time, nails landing

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    A SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket launched 23 Starlink satellites — including 13 with direct-to-cell capability — from Florida's Cape Canaveral Space Force Station on Sunday at 10:09 p.m. EDT (0209 GMT on Monday, April 28). Full Story: https://www.space.com/space-

  • 08:04 New Blastoff! Amazon's 'Project Kuiper' internet satellites launched by Atlas V rocket

    Blastoff! Amazon's 'Project Kuiper' internet satellites launched by Atlas V rocket

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    A United Launch Alliance (ULA) Atlas V rocket launched 27 of Amazon's "Project Kuiper" broadband satellites from Florida's Cape Canaveral Space Force Station in Florida on April 28, 2025 at 7:01 p.m. EDT (2301 GMT). Credit: ULA

  • 05:47 Japanese astronaut takes command of space station in on-orbit ceremony

    Japanese astronaut takes command of space station in on-orbit ceremony

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    JAXA (Japan Aerospace Agency) astronaut Takuya Onishi was handed the key to the International Space Station by Roscosmos cosmonaut Alexey Ovchinin in a change of command ceremony on April 18, 2025. Credit: NASA

  • 00:30 New Pan: NGC 5335

    Pan: NGC 5335

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    The Hubble Space Telescope captured in exquisite detail a face-on view of a remarkable-looking galaxy. NGC 5335 is categorized as a flocculent spiral galaxy with patchy streamers of star formation across its disk. There is a striking lack of well-defined

  • 01:00 New Pan of the Eagle Nebula

    Pan of the Eagle Nebula

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    This towering structure of billowing gas and dark, obscuring dust might only be a small portion of the Eagle Nebula, but it is no less majestic in appearance for it. 9.5 light-years tall and 7000 light-years distant from Earth, this dusty sculpture is ref

  • 10:20 New Blastoff! Vega-C rocket launches ESA's 'Biomass' forest-monitoring satellite

    Blastoff! Vega-C rocket launches ESA's 'Biomass' forest-monitoring satellite

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    An Arianespace Vega-C rocket launched the European Space Agency's (ESA) Biomass spacecraft from Kourou, French Guiana on April 29, 2025 at 5:15 a.m. EDT (0915 GMT; 6:15 a.m. local time in Korea). Credit: Arianespace

  • 03:55 New Space to Ground: Birthday Homecoming: April 25, 2025

    Space to Ground: Birthday Homecoming: April 25, 2025

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    NASA's Space to Ground is your weekly update on what's happening aboard the International Space Station. Got a question or comment? Use #AskNASA to talk to us.Learn more about the important research being operated on Station:https://www.nasa.gov/iss-scien

  • 03:08 New US Spacewalk 93 Animation

    US Spacewalk 93 Animation

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    An animation of U.S. spacewalk 93 scheduled for Thursday, May, 1 when NASA astronauts Anne McClain and Nichole Ayers will exit the station’s Quest airlock to relocate a space station communications antennae and install a mounting bracket ahead of the inst

  • 00:30 New Pan: Planetary nebula NGC 2899

    Pan: Planetary nebula NGC 2899

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    This Hubble Space Telescope image captures the beauty of the moth-like planetary nebula NGC 2899. This object has a diagonal, bipolar, cylindrical outflow of gas. This is propelled by radiation and stellar winds from a nearly 22 000 degree Celsius white d

  • New NASA Johnson Live Stream

    NASA Johnson Live Stream

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