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Outer Space & Universe

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Outer Space & Universe

Space, also known as outer space, is the near-vacuum between celestial bodies. It is where everything (all of the planets, stars, galaxies and other objects) is found.

On Earth, space begins at the Kármán line (100 km above sea level). This is where Earth's atmosphere is said to stop and outer space begins. This is not a firm boundary but is a convention used by scientists and diplomats.

Items in space are free to move back and forth; up and down; and left and right. These three dimensions are what make 3D space. Items also move forward through time, which is sometimes called the fourth dimension.

The majority of space contains very little matter and so most of it is a vacuum. Scientists do not know how big space is but we do know that space is extremely big, and is always expanding.

According to the big bang theory, all matter and energy in the Universe was compressed into a very small space. Then it exploded and started expanding. Space is still growing in size today; this means the distance from one galaxy to distant galaxies is getting longer.

Gravity is the force that keeps the Moon in orbit around the Earth and the planets in orbit around the Sun. Gravity can stretch and bend space similar to how a heavy ball placed on a stretched sheet of rubber will cause the rubber to stretch. The scientist who discovered that space can bend is named Albert Einstein. How gravity bends space is part of his theory of general relativity.

Astronauts, Cosmonauts, Taikonauts and Spationauts

An astronaut is any person who is trained by NASA to travel and perform tasks in space. Although the space traveler may not necessarily be a United States citizen, each astronaut does go through a rigorous training regiment by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Other space travelers go by other names then astronaut depending on their country of origin.

In the United States, astronaut is derived from the Greek words ástron (star) and nautis (sailor). While, in Russia, a space traveler goes by the name космонавт (English: cosmonaut), which is derived from the Greek words kosmos (universe) and nautis (sailor). Westerners call a space traveler from China a taikonaut, based on the 1998 writings of Chiew Lee Yik and Chen Lan where the term tàikōng (great emptiness), Chinese for “space”. In China, the term yuháng yuán (universe navigator) is used for space traveler.

Only the United States of America (United States), Russia (earlier, the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics), and the People’s Republic of China (China) have sent manned spacecraft into space. Other countries have assisted these countries by sending their own space travelers on space missions. For instance, a French space traveler is called a spationaut (from the French word spationaute), which is derived from the Latin spatium (space) and Greek nautis (sailor). (plural in Greek nautes = sailors)

 

  • 00:11 SpaceX Testing - Dragon Separation

    SpaceX Testing - Dragon Separation

    by shub Added 601 Views / 0 Likes

    Full-scale test of the Dragon spacecraft trunk separation system, using a steel structure suspended above simulating the Dragon's pressurized section. A set of pyrotechnic frangible nuts fire to release the trunk section from the spacecraft prior to start

  • 03:31 SpaceX Testing - Falcon 9 Engine Test

    SpaceX Testing - Falcon 9 Engine Test

    by shub Added 663 Views / 0 Likes

    The full mission duration test firing of the Falcon 9 first stage lasting nearly 3 minutes. The nine Merlin engines produced 855,000 lbs. of thrust and consumed over half a million pounds of liquid oxygen and rocket grade kerosene during the test. More in

  • 00:28 SpaceX Testing - Falcon 9 Static Fire

    SpaceX Testing - Falcon 9 Static Fire

    by shub Added 498 Views / 0 Likes

    On Monday, April 30, SpaceX webcast a static fire test of the Falcon 9 rocket's nine powerful Merlin engines in preparation for the company's upcoming launch. Engines ran for two seconds before a planned abort. Visit: http://www.spacex.com/ for more infor

  • 00:51 SpaceX Testing - Falcon 9, First Stage

    SpaceX Testing - Falcon 9, First Stage

    by shub Added 637 Views / 0 Likes

    Test firing of the Falcon 9 first stage, at the SpaceX Test Facility in McGregor, Texas. Note the engines gimbaling (steering) in the upper left camera. More information on SpaceX:
 http://www.spacex.com/
 http://twitter.com/spacex 
http://www.facebook.co

  • 01:18 SpaceX Testing - Falcon 9, Flight 3

    SpaceX Testing - Falcon 9, Flight 3

    by shub Added 525 Views / 0 Likes

    Visit: http://www.spacex.com/ for more information on SpaceX, Dragon, Falcon 9, Falcon Heavy, reusable rockets, grasshopper, Mars, upcoming rocket launch, or Elon Musk. A 60-second long test firing of the Falcon 9 Flight 3 second stage, conducted at the S

  • 05:47 SpaceX Testing - Full Duration Orbit Insertion Firing

    SpaceX Testing - Full Duration Orbit Insertion Firing

    by shub Added 660 Views / 0 Likes

    A full duration orbit insertion firing of the Falcon 9 second stage, at the SpaceX Test Facility in McGregor, Texas. In flight, the engine will include a large expansion nozzle which improves its performance in the vacuum of space. More information on Spa

  • 01:21 SpaceX Testing - Merlin Ablative

    SpaceX Testing - Merlin Ablative

    by shub Added 521 Views / 0 Likes

    Test of Merlin 1a engine with ablative chamber on Horizontal Test Stand 1 (HTS1), McGregor, Texas. More information on SpaceX:
 http://www.spacex.com/ 
http://twitter.com/spacex http://www.facebook.com/SpaceX

  • 01:06 SpaceX Testing - Solar Array Deployment

    SpaceX Testing - Solar Array Deployment

    by shub Added 508 Views / 0 Likes

    Dragon's deployable solar arrays were developed from scratch by a small team of SpaceX engineers. This video shows a solar array full deployment test using testing equipment developed by SpaceX as part of a NASA Commercial Orbital Transportation Services

  • 00:31 SpaceX Testing - SuperDraco Engine Firing

    SpaceX Testing - SuperDraco Engine Firing

    by shub Added 608 Views / 0 Likes

    SpaceX successfully test fires SuperDraco, a powerful new engine that will play a critical role in efforts to change the future of human spaceflight. These engines will power a revolutionary launch escape system that will make Dragon the safest spacecraft

  • 00:58 SpaceX Testing: Merlin 1D Engine Firing

    SpaceX Testing: Merlin 1D Engine Firing

    by shub Added 595 Views / 0 Likes

    SpaceX's Merlin 1D engine has achieved a full mission duration firing and multiple restarts at target thrust and specific impulse (Isp). The engine firing was for 185 seconds with 147,000 pounds of thrust, the full duration and power required for a Falcon

  • 02:29 SpaceX Tests Crew Dragon Parachutes Using High-Altitude Balloon, Helicopter & C-130

    SpaceX Tests Crew Dragon Parachutes Using High-Altitude Balloon, Helicopter & C-130

    by Shubnigg Added 455 Views / 0 Likes

    SpaceX has tested their Crew Dragon parachutes over 25 times with the help of a high-altitude balloon, a C-130 airplane and a skycrane helicopter. -- Parachute Development a Challenge for Commercial Crew: https://www.space.com/parachute-challenge-for-comm

  • 04:50 SpaceX Tests Fins On Reusable Rocket Flight | Video

    SpaceX Tests Fins On Reusable Rocket Flight | Video

    by Shubnigg Added 880 Views / 0 Likes

    SpaceX Tests Fins On Reusable Rocket Flight | Video

  • 1:20:32 SpaceX Thales Mission

    SpaceX Thales Mission

    by shub Added 513 Views / 0 Likes

    SpaceX’s customer for this mission is Thales Alenia Space. With this flight, the Falcon 9 rocket will deliver the TurkmenÄlem52E/MonacoSat satellite to a geosynchronous transfer orbit. The Thales launch window is targeted to open at approximately 6:14pm E

  • 01:59 SpaceX to Launch Astronauts under a Tornado Warning?

    SpaceX to Launch Astronauts under a Tornado Warning?

    by Shubnigg Added 414 Views / 0 Likes

    2020 is so weird.Godspeed & Good Luck.God bless everyone,T LEWISON5430 BIRDWOOD RD. #416HOUSTON TEXAS 77096https://www.paypal.me/THORnewshttps://venmo.com/TEric-Lewison$THORnews on CashApphttps://www.patreon.com/thornews

  • SpaceX to Launch HOTBIRD 13F • Falcon 9 • Airbus Eutelsat

    SpaceX to Launch HOTBIRD 13F • Falcon 9 • Airbus Eutelsat

    by Shubnigg Added 198 Views / 0 Likes

    A SpaceX Falcon 9 Block 5 rocket will launch launch the Hotbird 13F television broadcasting satellite into a geosynchronous transfer orbit (GTO). Hotbird 13F is the first satellite to be built on Airbus’s new Eurostar Neo all-electric spacecraft design, a

  • 01:31 SpaceX to launch Polaris Dawn mission featuring 1st commercial spacewalk

    SpaceX to launch Polaris Dawn mission featuring 1st commercial spacewalk

    by Shubnigg Added 107 Views / 0 Likes

    A SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket is scheduled to launch the crewed Polaris Dawn mission on Aug. 27, 2024. The mission will featured the first-ever commercial spacewalk. Learn more about Polaris Dawn: https://www.space.com/polaris-dawn-facts-about-missionCredit: S

  • 01:06 SpaceX to launch Starlink 7 mission atop used rocket

    SpaceX to launch Starlink 7 mission atop used rocket

    by Shubnigg Added 462 Views / 0 Likes

    SpaceX is targeting June 3 at 9:25 p.m. EDT (0125 GMT on June 4) for the launch of its eighth batch of 60 Starlink satellites, a mission designated Starlink 7. The Falcon 9 rocket's first stage on this mission has previously been used four times. -- Watch

  • SpaceX to Launch Starlink Group 4-36

    SpaceX to Launch Starlink Group 4-36

    by Shubnigg Added 230 Views / 0 Likes

    A SpaceX Falcon 9 Block 5 rocket will launch a batch of 54 Block v1.5 Starlink satellites (which are equipped with laser com terminals) into low Earth orbit. Total payload mass is 16.7 tonnes. This flight is internally known as Starlink Group 4-36 and the

  • 01:07 SpaceX to launch Starship on 4th test flight! Mission objectives, trajectory and more

    SpaceX to launch Starship on 4th test flight! Mission objectives, trajectory and more

    by Shubnigg Added 98 Views / 0 Likes

    SpaceX is preparing Starship for its 4th integrated test flight. See amazing views of the rocket on the pad along with mission objectives and trajectory here. Credit: Space.com | footage: SpaceX | edited by [Steve Spaleta](https://twitter.com/stevespaleta

  • 01:03 SpaceX to launch Starship on third integrated test flight soon

    SpaceX to launch Starship on third integrated test flight soon

    by Shubnigg Added 137 Views / 0 Likes

    SpaceX will attempt to launch a fully integrated Starship rocket from their South Texas facility no earlier than March 14, 2024. Full Story: https://www.space.com/spacex-starship-3rd-test-flight-dateCredit: Space.com | footage courtesy: SpaceX | edited by

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